General Science
Foundational physics and environmental knowledge for photonics work. Reference utilities covering units, mechanics, geometry, light fundamentals, vibration, magnetism, vacuum, and humidity.
Units & Conversions
liveSI units, photonics-specific units, and conversions. Wavelength/frequency/wavenumber calculators, power/energy conversion.
Vibration Fundamentals
livePhysics of vibration for optical systems — oscillation, resonance, damping theory, frequency domains, tuned vs. broadband.
Force & Mechanics
liveForce, torque, mechanical loading for optical systems — payload calcs, cantilever deflection, clamping, static vs. dynamic loading.
Geometry for Optical Alignment
liveApplied geometry for optical layout — beam path trig, fold mirror angles, periscope geometry, height matching, 3D spatial reasoning.
Light Fundamentals
liveWhat light is — wave-particle duality, EM spectrum, photon energy, speed in media, polarization intro, coherence.
Magnetism in Photonics
When and why magnetic fields matter — non-magnetic materials, Faraday rotation, shielding, applications requiring non-magnetic hardware.
Vacuum Science for Optics
Vacuum fundamentals for photonics — pressure regimes, outgassing, contamination, vacuum-compatible materials, atmosphere effects on UV/IR.
Humidity & Environmental Effects
Humidity and environmental conditions on optical systems — moisture absorption, fogging, hygroscopic materials, dew point, cleanroom standards.